Marriage Guardianship for Adopted Children in Akeguraci Village: A Perspective of Fiqh Munakahat

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the practice of adoptive siblings acting as marriage guardians for adopted children in Akeguraci Village from the perspective of fiqh munakahat. A marriage guardian (wali) is one of the essential pillars of marriage; without a guardian, a marriage is deemed invalid, especially for individuals who have not yet reached the age of accountability (mukallaf). There are two types of marriage guardians: guardians by lineage (wali nasab) and judicial guardians (wali hakim). In Akeguraci Village, there is a case where the marriage guardian did not fulfill the essential requirements for guardianship. The guardian in this marriage was the biological son of the adoptive father. The mistake in the guardianship of the adopted child's marriage, performed by the adoptive sibling, occurred because the biological father refused to act as the guardian. This qualitative research collects field data through observation and interviews to uncover the practice of adoptive siblings acting as marriage guardians in Akeguraci Village. The findings reveal two main points: first, the practice of having the biological son of the adoptive father serve as the marriage guardian occurred because the biological father was unwilling to officiate the marriage, citing the child’s adoption at a young age as the reason. Second, from the perspective of fiqh munakahat, the marriage of an adopted child officiated by an adoptive sibling is invalid, as there is no lineage (nasab) relationship between the adopted child and the adoptive sibling.

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