MEMPERTIMBANGKAN KUALITAS DATA KUALITATIF WAWANCARA PADA PARTISIPAN YANG MENGALAMI KESULITAN DALAM MENJELASKAN PENGALAMAN SECARA DETAIL
Abstract
This paper discusses the constraints and challenges that may arise when conducting qualitative interviews with people with language disabilities or the weak elderly who have difficulty explaining in detail about their experiences. The literature on qualitative research seems to assume that good quality qualitative interviews consist of long and unbroken narratives. This ideal includes specific requirements for research participants. Qualitative studies including weak elderly people or people with disabilities in communication will be disadvantaged by biased samples or vague descriptions. Strategies to maximize the quality of interview data, such as larger samples and more varied samples, require an investment of sufficient time to build a "rapport approach" in interview situations, repeated interviews, special interview techniques, and the incorporation of interviews and observations - participant observation is suggested.
Keywords: Qualitative methods, qualitative interviews, interviews, stroke sufferers, elderly (elderly) are weak
Tulisan ini membahas kendala-kendala dan tantangan-tantangan yang mungkin timbul ketika melakukan wawancara kualitatif dengan penyandang cacat bahasa atau lansia lemah yang mengalami kesulitan menjelaskan secara detil mengenai pengalaman-pengalaman mereka. Literatur-literatur tentang penelitian kualitatif tampaknya mengasumsikan bahwa wawancara kualitatif yang berkualitas baik terdiri dari narasi yang panjang dan tidak terputus. Hal ideal ini mencakup persyaratanpersyaratan khusus pada partisipan-partisipan penelitian. Kajian kualitatif termasuk lansia lemah atau orang yang cacat dalam berkomunikasi akan dirugikan dengan sampel yang bias atau deskripsi yang tidak jelas. Strategi-strategi untuk memaksimalkan kualitas data wawancara, seperti sampel yang lebih besar dan sampel yang lebih bervariasi, membutuhkan investasi waktu yang cukup untuk membangun “pendekatan awal/rapport” dalam situasi wawancara, wawancara berulang, teknik wawancara khusus, dan penggabungan wawancara dan pengamatan-pengamatan partisipan disarankan.
Kata Kunci: Metode kualitatif, wawancara kualitatif, wawancara, penderita stroke, lanjut usia (lansia) lemah
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30984/pp.v19i1.713
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