POLITIK DAGANG NABI MUHAMMAD: VISI, KOMUNITAS DAN NEGARA
Abstract
Keberhasilan Islam pada masa Nabi Muhammad Saw. dalam memperluas wilayah kekuasaannya bukan semata karena kekuatan militernya, atau karena keberhasilan mengubah wilayah gersang menjadi layak huni dan produktif, sebagaimana pandangan para peneliti. Keberhasilan Islam disebabkan kesuksesan visi dagang Nabi Muhammad Saw. dalam mempertahankan kepentingannya di level perdagangan global, dimana kekuatan militer hanya faktor pendukung semata. Penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan metode sejarah, dengan pendekatan politik. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori konflik sosial dari Karl Marx dan Max Weber. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan; pertama, Nabi Muhammad Saw. memiliki visi dagang yang kuat, sehingga mampu mempengaruhi masyarakat di sekitarnya. Kedua, Nabi Muhammad Saw. berhasil memobilisir masyarakat pedagang Arab, dan mengubahnya menjadi pedagang muslim sebagai entitas sosial baru. Ketiga, Nabi Muhammad Saw. menggunakan otoritasnya sebagai pemimpin Negara Madinah untuk mengirim ekspedisi militer yang bertujuan mengamankan usaha perdagangan pengusaha Madinah dari segala ancaman kekuatan asing, terutama dari Kekaisaran Bizantium.
Kata Kunci: Politik, Dagang, Nabi Muhammad.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Referensi
Al-Hamīd, G. S. (2013). Al-‘Alaqāt bain Dawlah al-Madīnah wa Bilād al-Shām fī ‘Ashr al-Rasūl. Surra Man Ra’a, 9 (24), 251-269.
al-Kattani, S. M. (1962). Nizham al-Hukumah al-Nabawiyah al-Musamma al-Taratib al-Idariyah, Juz 2. Beirut: Dar al-Arqam bin Abi al-Arqam.
Alserhan, B. A. (2017). The Principles of Islamic Marketing. New York: Routledge.
Al-Waqidi. (1984). Kitab Al-Maghazi, Edisi ke-3, Jilid 1. Kairo: Alam Al-Kotob.
Awais, M. (2024). 10. Understanding Market Structure in Islamic Framework. Dalam M. Awais, A. O. Öztürk, O. K. Bhatti, & N. Ellahi, The Islamic Economic System: Cultural Context in a Global Economy. London: Routledge.
Azhar, M. M. (2025). Prophet (SAW) and Sahaba's Business Life. Contemporary Journal of Social Science Review, 3(2), 89-105.
Bruning, J., & Huseini, S. R. (2023). Slavery in Byzantium and the Medieval Islamicate World: Texts and Contexts. Slavery & Abolition, 44 (4), 583-592.
Davis, W. (1999). Max Weber on religion and political responsibility. Religion, 29(1), 29-60.
Durak, K. (2022). The economy of Melitene/Malatya and its role in the Byzantine-Islamic trade (seventh to elevent centuries). Byzantinische Zeitschrift, Bd. 115(3), 829-874.
Güçlü, İ. (2014). Karl Marx and Ralf Dahrendorf: A comparative perspective on class formation and conflict. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 9(2), 151-168.
Hibban, I. (1987). Al-Sirah Al-Nabawiyah wa Akhbar Al-Khulafa'. Beirut: Muassasah Al-Kutub Al-Tsaqafiyah.
Hirshleifer, J. (2001). The Dark Side of the Force: Economic Foundations of Conflict Theory. Camrbidge, UK : The Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge.
Hitti, P. K. (1970). History of the Arabs: From the Earliest Times to the Present. Hampshire and London: Macmillan Education Ltd.
Isa, A. a.-S. (2002). Dirasat Naqdiyah fi al-Marwiyat al-Waridah fi Syakhsyiyyah 'Umar bin al-Khattab ra wa Siyasatuhu al-Idariyah. Madinah al-Munawwarah: Al-Mamlakah Al-'Arabiyah Al-Sa'udiyyah .
Ishaq, I. (2004). Al-Sirah Al-Nawabiyah, Vol. 2. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiah.
Kopanski, A. B. (1998). The Nazarean Legacy: Religious Conflict in Pre-Islamic Arabia as Seen through Crew-Roman Eyes. American Journal of Islam and Society, 15(2), 1-24.
Lee, J. (2021). The Weight of Silk: An Exploratory Account into the Developing Relations between Byzantium and China. History in the Making, 14(1), article 4, 1-25.
Mitter, U. (2001). Unconditional manumission of slaves in early Islamic law: a ḥadīth analysis. Der Islam, 78 (1), 35-72.
Nurhadi. (2018). The Tube Hadis Study About Monopoly In Business Economy. International Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting Research, 2(4), 1-17.
Oikonomidès, N. (1986). Silk Trade and Production in Byzantium from the Sixth to the Ninth Century: The Seals of Kommerkiarioi. Dumbarton Oaks Papers, 40, 33-53.
Paracha, K., & Arif, I. (2025). An Overview of the Islamic Trade System and its Various Types. Annals of Social Sciences and Perspective, 6 (2), 129-147.
Ridley, Y. (2019). The Rise of the Prophet Muhammad: Don't Shoot the Messenger. Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Ruggles, F. (2025). Islamicate Environments: Water, Land, Plants, and Society. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Sa'dun, H. b. (2006). Al-Bashrah Dzat al-Wasyahin: Al-Tarikh wa Al-Siyasah wa Al-Tsaqafah 2500 SM - 1914 M. Kairo: Maktabah Madbuli.
Widodo, A. P. (2024). In the Middle Kingdom: A Historical Survey on the Arabs and Persians’ Ventures in China, 600s–1300s. IIUM: Journal of Religion and Civilisational Studies, 7(1), 4-20.
Wiseman, H. (2024). Political systems: some sociological approaches. London: Routledge.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30984/ajip.v10i1.3855
Article Metrics
Abstract view : 24 timesPDF - 3 times
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2026 Aqlam: Journal of Islam and Plurality
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Rumah Jurnal IAIN Manado
Jl. Dr. S.H. Sarundajang, Kawasan Ringroad I, Malendeng Manado Kode Pos 95128, Sulawesi Utara, Indonesia.
All publication by AQLAM: Journal of Islam and Plurality are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.